ADVERB

THE ADVERB:

• Definition:

When a word is added to a verb to change or modify its meaning and to get an answer to how, when, where, what, and to what extent an action has been performed that describes the verb, that action is known as an adverb.

Example:

• She walks briskly.

Here briskly is an adverb that describes how she walks.

• She hasn’t reached home yet.

Here yet is an adverb that describes when she hasn’t reached.

• She was angry ( states that past state of mind )
• She will be sad after knowing the truth (states the state of mind in future).

             CLASSIFICATION OF ADVERB:

      There are five kinds of Adverb.

1. Manner This states the answer to how the action is performed.
2. Place        It answers were the action is takes place.
3. Time        It answers when the action is done.
4. Frequency        It answers how many times the action is executed.            
5. Degree        It tells the intensity and the extent of action.

1. ADVERB OF MANNER:

     Adverb of manner states how an action is done or performed. It usually is affixed after the object and where object         does not exist, there after the verb. Most of adverbs have a suffix ‘IY’ after them e.g. loudly, quietly, swiftly, carefully, etc. but in adverb of manner, there may be words like hard, slow, fast, well, etc.

Example:

• He works
• He did his work
• He drove the car
• She was talking

2. ADVERB OF PLACE:

Adverb of place tells us where something is done or it’s taking place. It is usually placed after the verb or the object.

A few examples of adverb of place are: above, below, here, there, everywhere etc.

Example:

• I have been looking for her
• I was standing
• She lives near
• Are you going upstairs?

3. ADVERB OF TIME:

   Adverb of time answers when an action is done. It is used either at the beginning or at the end of a phrase or a sentence, usually they are modified verbs. When it is used in the beginning usually the purpose is to highlight or accentuate the sentence. E.g. Today I have to complete this task. The examples of adverb of time are= today, tomorrow, now, yesterday, late, still, yet, early, last month, next.

Example:

• I have an exam
• I got up early
• Yesterday john came to my office.
• The train hasn’t arrived.

4. ADVERB OF FREQUENCY:

Adverb of frequency answers how many times the action is executed or will be executed or had been executed. A few examples of adverb of frequency are: regularly, daily, sometimes, always, never, often, frequently, seldom, rarely, fortnight, monthly, and yearly etc.

Example:

• I sometimes like going out for dinner.
• We get this magazine fortnightly.
• He often comes to our house.
• She can never do this.

5. ADVERB OF DEGREE:

   Adverb of degree tells the extent and intensity of an action. Adverb of degree can transform a verb, another adverb or an adjective. They are usually placed before the adjective or adverb the modify or before the main verb as the case may be: the weather was very hot, she is completely crazy. A few examples of adverb of degree are: too, very, completely, nearly, almost, enough, extremely, hardly, lavishly, barely etc.

Example:

• I have enough
• She lived her life lavishly.
• I could barely see anything.
• She is completely dedicated to her work.

 INVERSION:

  When a verb comes first and the subject trails it then the normal word order is modified.

  These are the examples of inversion: rarely, never, seldom, hardly, not until, under no circumstance etc.

 Example:

• Hardly anyone could do this.
• Rarely one gets to see something like this.
• Under no circumstance I’ll allow you to do that.
• Seldom one witnesses an historical event like this.

EXERCISE ADVERB:

Some adverbs are the same in from as the corresponding adjectives; that is, some words are used sometimes as adjectives, and sometimes as adverbs.

               Adjectives.                                                                                 

1. He is our fast                                                         
2. She lives in next                                     
3. This is hard                                                          
4. She is the best girl in the class.                                              

Adverbs

   1.  He can bowl fast.

  2.  Where I next see him, I shall speak to him.

  3.  She works hard all days.

  4.He behaves best.           

EXERCISE – 1

Find the adjective in the first sentence and fill the gap with adverb.

1. He is good singer. He sings really______________.
2. Yin is a brave boy. He fought _________________.
3. He is our regular visitor. He visit us _____________.
4. That is a beautiful bird. She painted it ____________.
5. She is calm girl. She explained it to me ____________.
6. That boy is nasty. He acted ________________.
7. You are a careless driver. You should drive _______________.
8. It is easy for him. You can ________________ do it.
9. It is hard to understand. I could ______________ understand it.

• She is wonderful magician. She does magic ________________.

EXERCISE – 2

Choose the most suitable adverb to fill each blank.

Everywhere, enough, extremely, last night, yesterday, probably, always, barely, anywhere, lately

1. I have been looking for her ____________, but I couldn’t find her.
2. The dress was big ________________ for me.
3. It was _____________ dangerous.
4. She came to my place ________________.
5. ____________ Maya came to my office.
6. ____________ I have to go outstation tomorrow.
7. I ____________ used to eat ice – cream after school.
8. Due to fog, I can _____________ see anything?
9. Have you seen my mobile ____________?
10. He ___________ went to Japan.