ADJECTIVE

Definition :   An adjective is a word that is used to modify and describes a noun and pronoun.

Example : 
Rajesh is a tall boy.

• An adjective “Qualifies” or “modifies” a noun (a tall girl).
• Adjectives can be used before a noun (it is a German car) or after certain verbs (it is sweet).
• We can often use two or more adjectives (a talk dark and handsome boy).
• An adjective can also be used to quality an adverb (He sang very well).

KINDS OF ADJECTIVE

• There are eight kinds of adjective :-

 

1. Quality  Adjective
2. Quality  Adjective
3. Demonstrative  Adjective
4. Interrogative  Adjective
5. Possessive    Adjective
6. Numeral   Adjective
7. Distributive  Adjective
8. Proper  Adjective

 
 

1. QUALITY   ADJECTIVE

                          An adjective of quality expresses the quality of feature of a person or thing.
These are descriptive form of adjectives.
Example :

1.   An innocent                                               

2.   A crystal vase

3.   A long tail.

 

 

 

 

•  The adjective answer the question of what kind?
• What kind of child – an innocent child, and what type of vase- a crystal vase. These are the adjective of quality.

 

2. QUANTITY ADJECTIVE :

These too are a form of descriptive; these adjectives indicate the quantity of things or people.

Example :

1. Some of the boys liked it.

2.   I have enough money.

3.     He has much wealth.

 

3. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE :

A demonstrative adjective modifies the noun as a singular or plural and whether the position of the noun is near or far from the person who is speaking or writing.  A demonstrative adjective also points out a fact about the noun.

Example :

1. That place is very nice.

2.This pen is mine.

3.           Those shoes are beautiful.

• The adjectives answer the question of pointing out things.
• These, those, this, that, are words used as demonstrative adjectives.

 
 4. INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE :

 An interrogative adjective is used to interrogative the questions regarding a person or a thing. They are used to seek an answer.

Example :
 

1. Which mobile do you prefer?

2.  Whose mobile is this?

3.  How do you feel?

These adjectives are used to question, who, what, why, how are a few examples of interrogative adjectives.

5. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE :

These are the adjective which are used to figure out or tell the noun that belongs to someone. These are used to answer a question.

Example :
 

1. Your car is beautiful.

     

 

 

 

 

2. His sister is waiting.

3.  This is my ball.

These adjective is used in answering questions. Your, my, her, his, there are a few example possessive adjective.

6. NUMERAL ADJECTIVE:

• The numeral adjective signifies the number of things or people that make the noun countable or uncountable.

Example :

1. He has ten dogs

2. I have three toffees.

3.  There are many birds in the sanctuary.

• It denotes numerical value of a noun which can be definite or indefinite in number. Ten, a few, many are the examples of a numeral adjective.

 

7. DISTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE :

• A distributive adjective is when noun is pointed out separately.

Example :

1. Everybody liked it.

2. Each participant was served dinner.

• 3.  Another feather in the cap.
  
   
   
• Distributive adjective distinguishes things or persons when taken separately or collectively.
• Every, each, another, other, neither, either are a few examples of distributive adjectives.

8. PROPER ADJECVTIVE :

• A proper adjective is extracted as an adjective from a proper noun.

Example :

1. This is Indian heritage.

2.  I like Chinese food.

3.  That is Ram’s cat.

 

•  Here since Indian, Chinese, Ram’s are proper noun and are use as adjective, so a proper adjective is the one that is derived from a proper noun.

 

• COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVE:
• These are the degrees of comparison.  

 

1.     Ram is a good boy.	The adjective good tells the quality of ram.	The first is a positive degree.
2.     He is better than his friend shyam.	The adjective better tells a comparatively higher degree of his quality.	The second is a comparative degree.
3.     He is the best among all his friends.	The adjective best tells the highest comparatives degree of his quality among his friends.	The third is a superlative degree.

 
Formation of comparative and superlative:

1. By adding ‘more’ and ‘most’ in the case of adjectives that have more than two syllables:

positive	comparative	superlative
Difficult Promising Beautiful Dependent	More difficult More promising More beautiful More dependent	Most difficult Most promising Most beautiful Most dependent

 

2. By adding ‘er’ and ‘est’ to the positive degree.

 

positive	comparative	superlative
Fine Tall Long Fast	Finer Taller Longer faster	Finest Tallest Longest Fastest

 

3. By doubling the consonant and adding ‘er’ and ‘est‘:

positive	comparative	superlative
Hot Sad Big Fit	Hotter Sadder Bigger Fitter	Hottest Saddest Biggest Fittest

 

4. Some more adjective with their degree.

 

positive	comparative	superlative
01.   Great 02.   Wise 03.   Happy 04.   Kind 05.   Large 06.   Sweet 07.   Soft 08.   Wild 09.   Mild 10.   Wealthy 11.   Sharp 12.   Deep 13.   Dear 14.   Brave 15.   Long 16.   Smart 17.    Old 18.    Young 19.    Heavy 20.    Dark	Greater Wiser Happier Kinder Larger Sweeter Softer Wilder Milder Wealthier Sharper Deeper Dearer Braver Longer Smarter Older Youngest Heavier darker	Greatest Wisest Happiest Kindest Largest Sweetest Softest Wildest Mildest Wealthiest Sharpest Deepest Dearest Bravest Longest Smartest Oldest Youngest Heaviest Darkest

 
 

5. Some irregular comparisons.

positive	comparative	superlative
Many Good Far Bad Old Little Much Out	More Better Further Worse Elder Less More outer	Must Best Furthest Worst Eldest Least Most uttermost

EXERCISE – 1

Pick out all the adjectives in the following sentences and write to which class each of them belongs.
 

1. It rained heavily.         _________________
2. He is a hardworking boy.     _______________
3. I have many friends.   _____________
4. He calls me up everyday.   ______________
5. The painting is very colorful.  ____________
6. I like Thai food.  _____________
7. He is a sweet and an innocent child.  ____________
8. A small leak is enough to sink a big ship.  ____________
9. It is hot and sunny day.  _____________
10. Which mobile do you prefer?  ____________
11. I have enough money.   _________________
12. He is the tallest man in the world.  _______________
13. I am sympathetic towards Ram.   _____________
14. This is Ram’s book. ___________
15. He is an honest man.   ___________________
     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

EXERCISE – 2

Fill in the correct form of the words in the brackets.

1. I am ( wise) ________________ than him.
2. Today the weather is (bad) _______________ than yesterday.
3. Pankaj is the (tall)_______________________boy in our class.
4. Reema sings (sweet) _______________ and softer than Gagan.
5. Though the production cost is low but they sell it of (much) __________than tem times it’s real price.
6. It is a (good) _______________idea to eat at home rather than in a restaurant.
7. He is the (old)___________ brother; all the others are younger to him.
8. This equation is (essay)_________________than that one.
9. A pen is (mighty) ________________than a sword.
10. This is (little)_______________in quantity than that.